Tarihin Najeriya na tsawon Shekara 60 da Samun yancin Kai

 

Tarihin Najeriya na tsawon Shekara 60 da Samun yancin Kai

A yayin da Najeriya ke shirin bikin muranar shekara 60 da samun ƴancin kai, wakilin BBC Nduka Orjinmo ya zaɓo wasu hotuna shida daga cikin kowace shekara 10 da ƙasar ta yi bayan samun ƴanci, waɗanda suke bayyana yanayin da Najeriyar ta samun kanta a ciki bayan mulkin mallaka.

Shekarun 1960 - Tasowar ƙasa mafi ƙarfi a Afirka

Bayan shafe shekaru a ƙarƙashin mulkin mallakar Turawan Burtaniya, Fira Minista Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa ya jagoranci ƙarbar ƴancin ƙasar sannan ya shugabanci gwamnatin gamayyar jam'iyyun da suka lashe zaɓen ƙasar.

An shafe makonni ana murnar hakan a wasu sassan ƙasar, sannan abu ne da ba zai taɓa gushewa a zuƙatan waɗanda suka halarci bikin ba a Filin Sukuwa, da a yanzu ya koma Dandalin Tafawa Balewa da ke Obalende a Lagos, ranar 1 ga watan Oktoban 1960.

''Kafin dare ya yi tsaka, sai aka kashe fitilu aka kuma sassauta tutar Burtaniya,'' kamar yadda Ben Iruemiobe ya shaida wa BBC, wani matashi da a loakcin yake da shekara 16, wanda ya shaidi yadda aka ɗaga tutar Najeriya.

''''Can kuma da tsakar dare sai aka kunna fitilun ta yadda suka haska tutar mai launin kore da fari da kore da ke tsaye ƙyam, ta yadda kowa zai iya gani. Bayan hakan sai kuma aka fara wasan tartsatsin wuta, sai kuma masu kiɗan soji suka fara nasu wasan inda muka nishaɗantu.''

Mulkin soja, masu halin tsiya da na kirki'

Shekarun 1970 - Yaƙin basasar da aka kashe miliyoyin mutane

Shekara bakwai bayan samun ƴancin kai, sai yaƙin basasa ya ɓarke a yankin gabashin Najeriya a ƙoƙarin ɓallewar jihar Biafra.

A ƙarshe ƴan Biafra sun miƙa wuya a yaƙin, wanda aka shafe shekara uku ana yi, ta yi sanadin mutuwar fiye da mutum miliyan biyu, waɗanda da yawansu mata da yara ne waɗanda suka mutu saboda yunwa a gabashin Najeriyar.

Wani marubuci mazaunin Amurka Okey Ndibe, wanda yake yaro a lokacin yaƙin, ya bayyana lamarin da cewa mai matuƙar wahala ne a tarihin Najeriya.

''Babban burin gwamnati ya cika, amma fa hakan ya faru ne bayan da mutane da dama suka rasa rayukansu.

''Har yanzu yaƙin Biafra bai bar yi wa ƴan Najeriya gizo ba. Ƙaruwar rikici a yankin arewa maso gabas, sake farfaɗo da fafutukar Biafra, da kuma buƙatun ƴan yankin Naija Delta kan yin iko da albarkatun ƙasa, na daga cikin abubuwan da gazawar Najeriya wajen yin adalci ga tsare-tsaren al'umma ta jawo,'' kamar yadda ya shaida wa BBC.

Waiwaye kan tarihin Hausa da Hausawa bayan shekara 60 da samun ƴancin Najeriya

Shekarun 1980 - 'Ghana Must Go!'

A shekarar 1983 gwamnatin Shehu Shagari ta bayar da umarnin mayar da ƴan ci ranin Afirka Ta Yamma fiye da miliyan ɗaya ƙasashensu, waɗanda mafi yawansu ƴan Ghana ne, cikin gajeren lokaci, saboda matsalar durƙushewar tatalin arziki da ƙasar ke ciki.

Wata ƙatuwar jakar leda mai launin fari da shuɗi wacce ƴan Ghana suka dinga amfani da ita a lokacin wajen zuba kayayyakinsu, ita aka fara yi wa laƙabi da ''Gahan Must go"

Amma a yanzu a Najeriya an fi alaƙanta amfani da jakar a wata alama ta aikata ba daidai ba, inda ake zargin ƴan siyasa masu cin hanci ke zuba makuɗan kuɗaɗe ''na sata.''

Waiwaye kan tarihin Yarbawa bayan shekara 60 da samun ƴancin Najeriya

Shekarun 1990 - Dawowar dimokraɗiyya bayan shafe shekaru na mulkin soja

Bayan shafe shekara 16 da aka shafe na mulkin soja, wanda aka ɗan samu shigar gwamnatin farar hula ta riƙon ƙwarya ta kawan 82 kawai a cikinsu a 1993, sai dimokraɗiyya ta sake dawowa daram a Najeriya a shekarar 1999.

Janar Abdulsalam Abubakar ya miƙa mulki ga Olusegun Obasanjo, wanda ya lashe zaɓe a ɗaukacin ƙasar.

Shekarun 1990 na kunshe ne da shekara goma na tarihin siyasar Najeriya- da suka haɗa da rusa sahihin zaɓen watan Yunin 1993 da sojoji suka yi, da Allah-wadan da kasashen duniya suka yi da gwamnatin Janar Sani Abacha kan yanke wa wasu masu rajin kare muhalli tara da ta yi, sannan sai mutuwar shi kansa Abachan a 1998.

Wasu na kallon miƙa mulki ga dimokradiyya ya faru ne saboda waɗannan abubuwan uku. Shekara 21 da suka biyo baya ne shekaru mafi tsayi na mulkin dimoraɗiyya da aka taɓa samu a tarihin Najeriya.

 Waiwaye kan tarihin Fulani a Najeriya

Shekarun 2000- 'Mu baƙaƙe ne, muna da kyau kuma ana neman mu'

A ranar 16 ga watan Nuwamba a shekarar 2001, lokacin da wasu ƴan mata suka ja hankalin alƙalai a Gasar Sarauniyar Kyau Ta Duniya da aka yi a Afrika Ta Kudu, ƴan Nijeriya kadan ne suka san da gasar.

Amma a ƙarshen ranar, miliyoyin mutane sun san da zaman wata matashiya ƴar shekara 18 Agbani Darego - baƙar mace ta farko ƴar Afrika da ta lashe Gasar Sarauniyar Kyau Ta Duniya.

''Kafin nasarar Agbani, ƴan Najeriya da ma Afrika baki ɗaya ba su da ƙwarin gwiwar zuwa Gasar Sarauniyar Kyau Ta Duniya, don suna ga kamar ba za su iya ci ba.

''Amma daga mutum 20 zuwa 50 masu halarta, sai gashi ana samun dubbai masu son zuwa. A yanzu duniya na son waƙoƙin ƴan Afrika da yin rawar ƴan Afrika.

''Mu baƙaƙen fata ne, muna da kyau kuma ana son mu,'' kamar yadda Ben Murray-Bruce, tsohon mai shirya Gasar Saruniyar Kyau Ta Najeriya ya shaida wa BBC.

Ben Murray-Bruce, tsohon ma shirya gasar sarauniyae kyaw a Nijeriya, yace wa BBC

Shekarun 2010 - Satar ƴan matan Chibok

A watan Afrilun 2014, ƙungiyar Boko Haram ta sace ƴan matan makarantar sakandaren garin Chibok a arewa maso gabshin Najeriya, inda har a yanzu ke fama da tashe-tashen hankula.

Boko Haram ta sace ƴan mata da manyan mata da dama kafin sannan, amma sace ƴan matan sakandaren ya jawo duniya baki ɗaya ta shiga batun har aka ƙirƙiri maudu'in BringBackOurGirls.

Bukky Shonibare, ɗaya daga cikin jagororin fafutukar Bring Back Our Girls Group a Najeriya, waɗanda suka dinga neman gwamnati ta shiga tsakani ba dare ba rana don a sako yaran, ta ce satar ƴan matan ya shafi fannin ilimi sosai a arewacin Najeriya.

''Yara- maza da mata - sun fara jin tsoron zuwa makaranta, kuma iyaye dole suke fargabar ko dai barin ƴaƴansu da rai a gida ko su ɗau kasadar tura su makaranta.

Bayan shekara shida da faruwar lamarin, har yanzu fiye da ƴan mata 100 ne ba a gani ba.